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Understanding the Context

When the script is done, any changes that it made to the environment are discarded. . script The above sources the script. It is as if the commands had been typed in directly.

Key Insights

Any environment changes are kept. source script This also sources the script. The source command is not required by POSIX and therefore is less portable than the shorter .. source is a shell keyword that is supposed to be used like this: source file where file contains valid shell commands. These shell commands will be executed in the current shell as if typed from the command line.

Final Thoughts

Source vs . why different behaviour? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange You have an alias which is overriding the builtin source (fix with unalias source) You have a function which is overriding source (fix with unset -f source) You are somehow not using bash (although your bang line would suggest you are). source is not POSIX. Using source on dash does not work, only . works.

bash script error: source: not found - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange I.e., unpack the source package from your distribution, replace the source with the upstream version, check if any of the distribution's patches or configuration tweaks still apply, build the binary package (make sure you changed the version of the packaged stuff!) and install that one. Yes, it is more work than just building and installing.