"The problem has been solved" is the present perfect tense in the passive voice (it has been solved by someone). In "The problem is solved", "solved" is an adjective describing a state in the present tense. I don't understand your question 2).

Understanding the Context

What is the tense ot the sentence "The problem has been solved" Is it okay to say “You explanation really solved my concerns"? What are other ways to express this? Thank you! If someone reports an defect to me and is asking for an update, how should I reply?

Key Insights

I will inform you once the issue is resolved or I will inform you once the issue has been resolved? Is resolved vs has been resolved? - English Language & Usage Stack Exchange In a technical environment, what is the most suitable sentence to use when answering to someone about a problem that they had and we solved it for them: The problem is solved The problem has been s... The context is solving a mathematical problem. solved with sth - means a problem is tackled using sth method solved for sth - means that a problem is transformed in such way that can sth can be obtained directly (as in "solve for x") My question is, am I missing any meanings, or confusing them?

Final Thoughts

As @JohnWaylandBales replied you also have intractable but you were asking for "cannot be solved" not "hard to solve". There is an interesting word for a problem so hard to solve within its (usually implied) rules but so important that someone breaks those rules in order to obtain a solution: a gordian knot problem, cutting the gordian knot.