The Sami are a people who speak one of the varieties of the Sami language and inhabit Lapland and adjacent areas of northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland, as well as the Kola Peninsula of Russia. The Sami are the Indigenous people of northern Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula, with deep roots across Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. In Norway, Sami traditions remain a living part of daily life from the coast of Troms and Finnmark to the mountains of Trøndelag and the forests near Røros.

Understanding the Context

Traditional Sami occupations are hunting, fishing, farming, and reindeer herding, though only a minority of today's Sami make a living from these activities alone, and virtually none live in a natural economy nor have a nomadic lifestyle. They are Finno-Ugric people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses large northern parts of Norway and Sweden, northern parts of Finland, and the Kola Peninsula within the Murmansk Oblast of Russia. Sami ancestral lands are not well-defined. The Sami are the only recognized group of indigenous people in Europe.

Key Insights

The live in Sápmi, the northern-most region of Fennoscandia, covering parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola Peninnsula of Russia . The Sami Language(s) belong to the Finno-Uralic Language Family. The Sami are one of the world’s indigenous people with their own language, culture and lifestyle, with close connection to nature. The Sami have been living in Northern Norway since, at the very least, 1500 BCE. In most areas of the Sapmi, they are the original inhabitants and have been living in that area for hundreds of generations longer than the ‘ethnic Norwegians.’